全回转全套管拔桩工艺的研究[范文]

         随着城市建设的快速发展,城市改造过程中遗留的灌注桩、预制桩、各种废旧管网和建筑垃圾遍布城市地下空间,而废旧桩基对新桩基位置的布设、新桩基和地基受力情况、桩基础施工、地下工程建设等都有非常大的影响。在这种复杂条件下,就要求机械设备能够快速安全地清除地下障碍物以保障后续施工的顺利进行。目前国内市场中主要有振动锤、水冲工法拔桩、全回转全套管工法拔桩。常规的水冲法拔桩施工存在许多局限性,如对于桩型较大,桩身较长的旧桩或破碎、断裂的旧桩用水冲法施工很难完成。冲击钻冲击破碎桩体以泥浆置换方式将破碎的桩体清除，不利于文明施工且工效慢，而全回转钻机引体拔桩清障施工克服了水冲法施工的许多不足，是目前地下清障拔桩的比较常用的方法。

（1）本文通过大量的文献资料，分析了弃桩产生的原因、废旧基桩对周边环境的影响、废旧基桩对改扩建项目的影响，然后介绍了废旧桩基的处理方法。

（2）本文总结了关于地下清障拔桩工法原理及其工艺，介绍了几种常用的地下清障拔桩的工艺原理及流程，分析归纳了其优缺点及其适用的工程环境。

（3）本文通过对比分析几种常用的拔桩施工原理及其工艺，本文结合绿地•汉口一号项目废桩拔除工程现场的工程环境，通过优化比选方案，采用全回转全套管钻机拔桩施工工艺对其废弃桩进行拔除。通过实践证明，其施工工艺比较适用性较广，尤其针对地下工程的深层地下障碍物，相对于其他拔桩施工工艺来说更加具有优势，能高效的拔除地下障碍物。

（4）本文结合临近地下管线、周边房屋沉降位移监测，水位观测，巡视检查及裂缝监测等表明，本项目拔桩工艺对周围居民生活环境影响较小，噪音污染、空气污染、水污染也较小，对周围建筑及地表的沉降影响也可以控制在安全范围内，施工速度较快且能保障回填土的质量和强度达到要求，同时保证施工人员及设备的安全，十分具有推广意义。

关键词：废旧桩基；拔桩；原理及流程；比选；全回转全套管钻机

Abstract

With the rapid development of urban construction, the remaining bored concrete piles, precast piles and all kinds of waste pipe network and construction waste are abandoned all over the urban underground space. While the waste pile foundation has a great influence on the location of the new pile foundation, the stress of the new pile foundation and the foundation, the construction of the pile foundation and the construction of underground projects. In this complex conditions, special mechanical equipment is required to quickly and safely remove underground obstacles, so as to ensure the smooth progress of follow-up construction. At present, there are mainly vibratory hammer, water hammer method, pile pulling and full rotation casing method for pulling piles in the domestic market. There are many limitations in the conventional method of drawing piles, such as the old pile with a long pile, long old pile or broken and broken old pile. The impact crushing of the impact drilling pile will remove the broken pile body in the form of mud displacement, which is not conducive to civilized construction, and the work efficiency is slow. While the whole rotary drill pile construction wrecker method which overcomes many shortcomings of water washing method is the commonly used method of pile under the construction of underground wrecker.

(1) In this paper, by studying a large number of papers, the causes of abandoned piles, the influence of waste foundation pile on surrounding environment, the influence of waste foundation pile on reconstruction project are introduced firstly, and then the treatment method of waste pile foundation is introduced.

(2)In this paper, the pile pullout methods about underground wrecker principle and technology were summarized, the process principle and process of several commonly used underground pile of wrecker were introduced, and its advantages and disadvantages and its applicable engineering environment are analyzed and summarized.

(3)In this paper, the construction principles and techniques of several commonly used piles are compared and analyzed. Based on the engineering environment of the waste pile removal project of Greenland Group No. 1 project in Hankou, the waste piles are extracted by adopting the fully rotating full bore drilling pile pulling construction technology through optimizing the selection scheme. It is proved by practice that the construction process is relatively wide, especially for the deep underground obstacles in underground engineering construction process, compared to the other pile has more advantages, can remove underground obstacles efficiently.

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