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风力发电机变桨控制系统运行分析

时间:2018-04-10 17:56:21 编辑:知网查重入口 www.cnkiid.cn

 

摘    要
   
    生活在21世纪的我们,能源和环境问题是现如今全世界面临的两大难题,能源更是备受关注,重中之重,随着经济的发展,工业和生产规模持续扩大,传统能源越来越少,甚至趋向于枯竭。能源消耗主要体现在三方面:1.一次能源消耗量持续增加。据统计煤炭、石油等其他一次能源消费量居高不下,可采用的资源越来越少,对发展产生巨大的压力。2.能源消费格局体系逐渐完善。 传统的一次能源在原先的主导基础上,能源消耗比率正慢慢趋于稳定,太阳能,核能,风能等可再生能源消耗比率正逐渐增加。3,发展中国家能源消费增长率比较高。所以未来能源利用上将以能源发展多元化、清洁化、高效化、规模化的趋势发展。
由于风力发电机的工作环境相比一般的电机不同,运行要求也不一样,因此设计了电液磁浮变桨距液压驱动系统,但是变桨距风力发电机有很强的非线性,利用传统的PID技术,控制效果甚微,人们经过实验和改进,最终确定了自适应控制变桨进行变桨距控制。现代风力发电机组主要采用变桨调节的功率控制技术,来提高风能的收集、减小荷载、完善电能的质量。由于风电机组风轮直径的增加,变桨系统在发电机性能和安全的因素下日益重要。所以研究变桨距控制技术具有重要意义。
 
关键词:风能;风力发电机;变桨距控制    


 
     We live in the twenty-first Century, the problem of energy and environment are two major problems now facing the world, energy is of concern, priority among priorities, with the development of economy, industry and continue to expand the scale of production, the traditional energy is less and less, and even tend to dry up. Energy consumption is mainly reflected in three aspects: 1., the primary energy consumption continues to increase. According to statistics, coal, oil and other primary energy consumption remains high, and the resources available are less and less, which has great pressure on development. 2., the energy consumption pattern system has been gradually improved. On the basis of the traditional primary energy, the energy consumption ratio is gradually stabilizing, and the consumption ratio of renewable energy, such as solar energy, nuclear energy and wind energy, is gradually increasing. 3, the growth rate of energy consumption in developing countries is relatively high. Therefore, the future development of energy utilization will be diversified, clean, efficient and large-scale development.
     The wind is so far the relative safety of nuclear power, solar energy is relatively low development cost, relatively mature new energy biomass energy technology, wind energy is a kind of relatively traditional energy can be inexhaustible renewable energy. Rational exploitation and utilization can protect the earth on which we live, and slow down the consumption of traditional energy, petroleum and coal. But because of the random wind instability and low energy density, a wind turbine is complex, there are many uncertainties, so the variable pitch wind turbine control system is particularly important.
     
 
Compared with general motors because the wind turbines work environment is different, the operational requirements are not the same, so the design of Maglev electro-hydraulic variable pitch hydraulic drive system, but the variable pitch wind turbine generator has a strong nonlinear, using the traditional PID technology, control effect, people through experiment and improvement, and ultimately determine the adaptive variable pitch control of variable pitch control. Modern wind turbines mainly use paddle changing power control technology to improve the collection of wind energy, reduce the load and improve the quality of power. Because of the increase of wind turbine diameter, pitch system is becoming more and more important under the factors of generator performance and safety. So it is very important to study variable pitch control technology.
 
Ke  words: wind turbine; variable pitch control


 
第一章  绪论

 
    
    中华文化5000年,人类的发展也已经有了很多年,时间是无限的,但我们赖以生存的地球上的资源是有限的,例如石油、煤、天然气,因为人们早期对于资源无意识保护,过度开采,导致资源大量减少,这些资源的利用,物质在燃烧过程中会产生一些对环境造成污染性的气体,比如众所周知的二氧化碳和二氧化硫等其他气体。其中二氧化碳自身是无毒的,但由于其数量多,导致温室效应,全球变暖,许多国家开始重视起来,二氧化硫的排放,导致空气污染,在空中会形成酸雨,对我们的农作物以及房屋产生腐蚀,后果很严重。一些不良商人为了省一些钱财,直接将能源燃烧后的废气不作处理就排入空中,废水废渣直接就近排放进河流中,导致空气污染严重,PM值直线上升,空气质量越来越差,以前随处可见的蓝天绿水越来越少,污水的排放致使鱼类大面积的死亡,更有甚者排放的污水流进村民引用的河水中致使村民中毒死亡。这些都是社会不文明现象存在的体现。随着人类社会的发展和科技的进步,能源在社会的经济发展中及人民生活质量的提高方面的作用和地位越来越明显。我国在世界人口中,人群基数广,密度大,所以人均能源资源相对短缺。石油煤炭这些一次能源迟早有一天会因为我们的贪婪,随意挥霍而少之又少,最终会能源枯竭,古人云,前人栽树,后人乘凉,现在的我们如果为了一己私欲,一味的去开采传统能源,这样下去是不行的,要为我们的子孙后代考虑,我们这辈子用完了,他们到时候用什么。没有能源社会是不能发展的,人类是不能存活的。因此我们必须寻找一种可以无限使用,且具有环保不污染环境的新能源,来代替那些传统能源,因此人们发现了太阳能,生物质能,风能和潮汐能,这些取之不尽用之不竭的新能源就出现在人们的视野中,人们开始探寻收集利用这些能源的方法,并不断的去进行完善。人类社会的进步与发展一直以来都是依靠能源,以能源为基础动力的,对于可再生新型能源来说,我们可以循环利用。另一方面,传统能源,因为其储量有限,使用时间有限,所以在对传统能源开发利用上面就要考虑众多因素。它直接主宰着社会发展的步伐。所以,可以要合理使用,但对于不可能像可再生能源一样取之不竭,我们要更加珍惜。

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